2020
68 posts from 2020
The Complexity Of Scheduling Dags With Minimum Makespan And Dependencies: List Scheduling Vs. Critical Path
2020-12-28A comprehensive technical exploration of the complexity of scheduling dags with minimum makespan and dependencies: list scheduling vs. critical path, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Implementing A Virtual Machine For A Stack Based Language: Bytecode Interpreter And Jit Compilation
2020-12-23A comprehensive technical exploration of implementing a virtual machine for a stack based language: bytecode interpreter and jit compilation, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Design Of A Modern Hypervisor: Virtual Memory Translation, Cpu Virtualization, And I/O Passthrough
2020-12-03A comprehensive technical exploration of the design of a modern hypervisor: virtual memory translation, cpu virtualization, and i/o passthrough, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Region-Based Memory Management: Tofte & Talpin's Region Inference, the ML Kit, Safety Proofs, and the Relationship to Rust's Lifetimes
2020-12-01A deep exploration of region-based memory management — how Tofte and Talpin's region inference eliminates garbage collection while preserving memory safety, and how their ideas echo through Rust's ownership and borrowing system.
Building A Lightweight Container Runtime From Scratch: Namespaces, Cgroups, And Copy On Write Filesystems
2020-11-29A comprehensive technical exploration of building a lightweight container runtime from scratch: namespaces, cgroups, and copy on write filesystems, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
A Performance Comparison Of Epoll, Io_Uring, And Kqueue For Asynchronous I/O In Linux
2020-11-23A comprehensive technical exploration of a performance comparison of epoll, io_uring, and kqueue for asynchronous i/o in linux, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Implementation Of A User Level Threading Library For Cooperative Multitasking In C
2020-11-18A comprehensive technical exploration of the implementation of a user level threading library for cooperative multitasking in c, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Raft Fast‑Commit and PreVote in Practice
2020-11-09What fast‑commit and PreVote actually change in Raft, how they affect availability during leader changes, and where the footguns are.
Network Sockets and the TCP/IP Stack: How Data Travels Across Networks
2020-11-08A comprehensive exploration of network programming internals, from socket system calls through the TCP/IP protocol stack to the network interface. Understand connection establishment, flow control, and the kernel's role in networking.
Safe Rollback Strategies for Distributed Databases
2020-11-08A comprehensive guide to designing, executing, and validating rollbacks in distributed database environments without compromising data integrity or customer trust.
Designing A Non Volatile Memory (Nvm) File System: Dax, Pmdk, And Fault Tolerance For Persistent Heaps
2020-11-07A comprehensive technical exploration of designing a non volatile memory (nvm) file system: dax, pmdk, and fault tolerance for persistent heaps, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Cache Coherence Protocol Of Modern Cpus: Mesi, Moesi, And Mesif With Snooping Vs. Directory Based
2020-11-02A comprehensive technical exploration of the cache coherence protocol of modern cpus: mesi, moesi, and mesif with snooping vs. directory based, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Garbage Collection Advanced: Incremental, Concurrent, Snapshot-at-the-Beginning, and Pauseless Collectors from Azul C4 to ZGC Colored Pointers
2020-10-31A deep exploration of advanced garbage collection algorithms that eliminate stop-the-world pauses — incremental marking, concurrent collection, the snapshot-at-the-beginning barrier, and the pauseless collectors that make Java viable for low-latency applications.
Building A Custom Risc V Processor In Verilog: Pipelining, Hazard Detection, And Branch Prediction
2020-10-28A comprehensive technical exploration of building a custom risc v processor in verilog: pipelining, hazard detection, and branch prediction, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
JIT Compilation: Tracing vs Method JITs, V8's Ignition+TurboFan Pipeline, HotSpot's C1/C2 Tiered Compilation, and Deoptimization
2020-10-28A deep exploration of just-in-time compilation — how V8 and HotSpot turn JavaScript and Java bytecode into native code through multi-tier compilation pipelines, and the art of deoptimization that makes speculative optimization safe.
Wasm Runtime Internals: V8's Liftoff and TurboFan, Wasmtime's Cranelift, Linear Memory Sandboxing, and the Stack Machine Model
2020-10-15A deep exploration of WebAssembly runtime internals — how V8 and Wasmtime compile and execute Wasm bytecode, the linear memory sandbox that enables secure execution, and the stack machine model at Wasm's core.
A Deep Dive Into The X86 64 Instruction Set: Microbenchmarking Instruction Latency And Throughput
2020-10-04A comprehensive technical exploration of a deep dive into the x86 64 instruction set: microbenchmarking instruction latency and throughput, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Implementing A Simd Accelerated Suffix Array Construction For Large Genomic Datasets
2020-10-01A comprehensive technical exploration of implementing a simd accelerated suffix array construction for large genomic datasets, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Container Internals: Linux Namespaces, cgroups v2, OverlayFS, and the OCI Runtime Spec Under the Hood
2020-09-28A deep exploration of the Linux kernel primitives that power container runtimes — the seven namespace types, cgroups v2 resource control, OverlayFS copy-on-write storage, and the OCI runtime specification that ties them together.
The Performance Of Bit Packed Data Structures Vs. Classic Arrays In High Performance Computing
2020-09-27A comprehensive technical exploration of the performance of bit packed data structures vs. classic arrays in high performance computing, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Designing A Linear Time Algorithm For Constructing A Prefix Automaton For Multiple Patterns: Aho Corasick
2020-09-25A comprehensive technical exploration of designing a linear time algorithm for constructing a prefix automaton for multiple patterns: aho corasick, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Compiler Optimizations: From Source Code to Fast Machine Code
2020-09-23A deep dive into how modern compilers transform your code into efficient machine code. Explore optimization passes from constant folding to loop vectorization, and learn how to write code that compilers can optimize effectively.
An Analysis Of Register Allocation Via Graph Coloring: Chaitin Briggs Algorithm With Live Range Splitting
2020-09-17A comprehensive technical exploration of an analysis of register allocation via graph coloring: chaitin briggs algorithm with live range splitting, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Building A Just In Time Compiler For Regular Expressions: Thompson’S Construction And Dfa Minimization
2020-09-17A comprehensive technical exploration of building a just in time compiler for regular expressions: thompson’s construction and dfa minimization, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Implementation Of A Garbage Collector For A Functional Language: Cheney’S Algorithm And Generational Copying
2020-09-16A comprehensive technical exploration of the implementation of a garbage collector for a functional language: cheney’s algorithm and generational copying, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Designing A Type System For Dependently Typed Programming: Agda’S Universe Hierarchy And Pattern Matching
2020-09-03A comprehensive technical exploration of designing a type system for dependently typed programming: agda’s universe hierarchy and pattern matching, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
A Proof Of Correctness For The Lamport’S Bakery Algorithm In Distributed Shared Memory Systems
2020-08-28A comprehensive technical exploration of a proof of correctness for the lamport’s bakery algorithm in distributed shared memory systems, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Merkle Trees and Content‑Addressable Storage
2020-08-17From Git to distributed object stores: how Merkle DAGs enable integrity, deduplication, and efficient sync.
The Formal Verification Of A Concurrent Work Queue Using The Tla+ Model Checker: Invariants And Liveness
2020-08-10A comprehensive technical exploration of the formal verification of a concurrent work queue using the tla+ model checker: invariants and liveness, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Implementing A Small Theorem Prover For Propositional Logic Using The Dpll Algorithm With Conflict Driven Clause Learning
2020-08-09A comprehensive technical exploration of implementing a small theorem prover for propositional logic using the dpll algorithm with conflict driven clause learning, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Algorithmic Methodology Of Coq Proof Assistant: Inductive Types, Tactics, And Extraction To Ocaml
2020-08-08A comprehensive technical exploration of the algorithmic methodology of coq proof assistant: inductive types, tactics, and extraction to ocaml, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Building A Distributed Certificate Transparency Log Using Merkle Trees And Append Only Proofs
2020-07-31A comprehensive technical exploration of building a distributed certificate transparency log using merkle trees and append only proofs, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Hypervisor Internals: VT-x, AMD-V/SVM, Nested Paging, and the Mechanics of Trap-and-Emulate
2020-07-25A deep exploration of hardware virtualization support — how Intel VT-x and AMD-V enable efficient hypervisors through VM control structures, nested paging, and the clever elimination of slow trap-and-emulate paths.
A Deep Dive Into Merkle Damgård Vs. Sponge Construction For Hash Functions: Sha 256 And Sha 3
2020-07-24A comprehensive technical exploration of a deep dive into merkle damgård vs. sponge construction for hash functions: sha 256 and sha 3, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Implementation Of A Secure Channel Protocol Using Noise Framework: Handshake Patterns And State Machine
2020-07-11A comprehensive technical exploration of the implementation of a secure channel protocol using noise framework: handshake patterns and state machine, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Designing A Key Management Service For Distributed Systems Using Shamir’S Secret Sharing With Homomorphic Properties
2020-07-02A comprehensive technical exploration of designing a key management service for distributed systems using shamir’s secret sharing with homomorphic properties, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
A Rigorous Analysis Of Differential Privacy: Laplace And Gaussian Mechanisms For User Level Privacy
2020-06-29A comprehensive technical exploration of a rigorous analysis of differential privacy: laplace and gaussian mechanisms for user level privacy, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Building A Password Hashing Function With Memory Hardness: Scrypt And Argon2 Internals
2020-06-29A comprehensive technical exploration of building a password hashing function with memory hardness: scrypt and argon2 internals, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Mathematics Of Lattice Based Cryptography: Learning With Errors, Ring Lwe, And Ntru
2020-06-14A comprehensive technical exploration of the mathematics of lattice based cryptography: learning with errors, ring lwe, and ntru, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Implementing A Side Channel Attack Resistant Rsa Implementation Using Montgomery Ladder And Blinding
2020-06-05A comprehensive technical exploration of implementing a side channel attack resistant rsa implementation using montgomery ladder and blinding, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
A Detailed Look At The Tls 1.3 Handshake Protocol: Key Schedule, 0 Rtt, And Forward Secrecy
2020-06-01A comprehensive technical exploration of a detailed look at the tls 1.3 handshake protocol: key schedule, 0 rtt, and forward secrecy, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Unikernels: Specializing the OS for a Single Application, from MirageOS to IncludeOS and the Performance-Security Trade-offs
2020-05-26A deep exploration of unikernel architecture — how compiling an application directly into a specialized operating system kernel produces dramatic performance and security benefits while challenging decades of OS design orthodoxy.
Designing A Verifiable Random Function (Vrf) For Leader Election In Proof Of Stake Blockchains
2020-05-17A comprehensive technical exploration of designing a verifiable random function (vrf) for leader election in proof of stake blockchains, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Performance Of Elliptic Curve Cryptography Vs. Rsa For Key Exchange And Signatures On Constrained Devices
2020-05-08A comprehensive technical exploration of the performance of elliptic curve cryptography vs. rsa for key exchange and signatures on constrained devices, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
A Secure Multi Party Computation Protocol For Private Set Intersection: Oprf And Ot Extensions
2020-05-06A comprehensive technical exploration of a secure multi party computation protocol for private set intersection: oprf and ot extensions, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Implementing A Zero Knowledge Proof Of Knowledge From The Schnorr Protocol: Σ Protocols And Fiat Shamir
2020-04-27A comprehensive technical exploration of implementing a zero knowledge proof of knowledge from the schnorr protocol: σ protocols and fiat shamir, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Theoretical Foundations Of Paillier Cryptosystem: Homomorphic Encryption For Privacy Preserving Aggregation
2020-04-14A comprehensive technical exploration of the theoretical foundations of paillier cryptosystem: homomorphic encryption for privacy preserving aggregation, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Building A Bloom Filter With Optimal Number Of Hash Functions And Memory Estimation
2020-04-12A comprehensive technical exploration of building a bloom filter with optimal number of hash functions and memory estimation, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
An Algorithm For Incremental Topological Ordering Dynamic Dags: Applications In Build Systems
2020-04-10A comprehensive technical exploration of an algorithm for incremental topological ordering dynamic dags: applications in build systems, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Exokernels & Library OS: MIT's Radical Vision, Secure Multiplexing, and the Unikernel Lineage
2020-04-01A deep exploration of exokernel architecture from MIT's Aegis/XOK/ExOS stack through the secure multiplexing problem to the modern unikernel renaissance that vindicated the library OS philosophy.
Consistent Hashing: Distributing Data Across Dynamic Clusters
2020-03-28A deep dive into consistent hashing, the elegant algorithm that enables scalable distributed systems. Learn how it works, why it matters for databases and caches, and explore modern variations like jump consistent hashing and rendezvous hashing.
Tuning the Dial: Adaptive Consistency at Planet Scale
2020-03-11Inside the engineering of databases that adjust consistency on the fly without breaking user trust.
Microkernel vs Monolithic: The L4 Experience, IPC Optimization, seL4 Verification, and Zircon's Ascent
2020-02-24A deep exploration of microkernel design from L4's high-performance IPC through seL4's formal verification to Zircon's pragmatic reimagining for Fuchsia. Understand why the microkernel-monolithic debate refuses to die.
Integer Programming: Branch-and-Bound, Gomory Cuts, Lift-and-Project, and Solver Internals
2020-02-23An inside look at integer programming algorithms—branch-and-bound, cutting planes, lift-and-project hierarchies—and how Gurobi and CPLEX solve NP-hard problems.
Implementing A Patricia Trie For Ip Router Lookup With Tcam Emulation
2020-02-22A comprehensive technical exploration of implementing a patricia trie for ip router lookup with tcam emulation, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Performance Of Ternary Search Vs. Binary Search On Non Uniform Distribution Keys
2020-02-19A comprehensive technical exploration of the performance of ternary search vs. binary search on non uniform distribution keys, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Convex Optimization: Gradient Descent, Nesterov Acceleration, KKT Conditions, and the ML Stack
2020-02-18A deep investigation of convex optimization—the engine of modern machine learning—from gradient descent and Nesterov momentum to KKT conditions and interior-point methods.
A Deep Dive Into Suffix Arrays And Suffix Trees: Construction In Linear Time With Dc3 And Ukkonen’S Algorithm
2020-02-17A comprehensive technical exploration of a deep dive into suffix arrays and suffix trees: construction in linear time with dc3 and ukkonen’s algorithm, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Designing A Greedy Algorithm For Maximum Weight Matching In Bipartite Graphs With Augmenting Paths
2020-02-04A comprehensive technical exploration of designing a greedy algorithm for maximum weight matching in bipartite graphs with augmenting paths, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Complexity Of Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search With Locality Sensitive Hashing: Theoretical Bounds And Practical Tuning
2020-02-03A comprehensive technical exploration of the complexity of approximate nearest neighbor search with locality sensitive hashing: theoretical bounds and practical tuning, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Implementing A Distributed Graph Processing System Using Pregel: Vertex Centric Bsp And Checkpointing
2020-02-02A comprehensive technical exploration of implementing a distributed graph processing system using pregel: vertex centric bsp and checkpointing, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Submodular Optimization: Diminishing Returns, the (1-1/e) Greedy Guarantee, and Machine Learning Applications
2020-02-01A comprehensive study of submodular functions—the discrete analog of convexity—the greedy algorithm's optimal approximation, and applications in active learning and summarization.
Matroid Theory: The Greedy Exchange Property, Matroid Intersection, and Applications in Spanning Trees and Matching
2020-01-19A thorough exploration of matroid theory—the algebraic abstraction that explains why greedy algorithms work—matroid intersection, and their applications in combinatorial optimization.
The Analysis Of Consistent Hashing Under Churn: Virtual Nodes, Power Law Distributions, And Load Balancing
2020-01-17A comprehensive technical exploration of the analysis of consistent hashing under churn: virtual nodes, power law distributions, and load balancing, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Fair Division: Cut-and-Choose, Selfridge-Conway, Brams-Taylor, and the Mathematics of Envy-Freeness
2020-01-15A rigorous exploration of fair division—from cake-cutting protocols to envy-free allocations—and their application to cloud resource allocation and beyond.
A Polynomial Time Algorithm For Minimum Steiner Tree In The Plane Using Dynamic Programming On Decompositions
2020-01-10A comprehensive technical exploration of a polynomial time algorithm for minimum steiner tree in the plane using dynamic programming on decompositions, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
Building An Online Algorithm For The K Server Problem Using Work Function And Caching Policies
2020-01-09A comprehensive technical exploration of building an online algorithm for the k server problem using work function and caching policies, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.
The Numerical Stability Of Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms: Decimation In Time Vs. Frequency With Twiddle Factors
2020-01-05A comprehensive technical exploration of the numerical stability of fast fourier transform algorithms: decimation in time vs. frequency with twiddle factors, covering key concepts, practical implementations, and real-world applications.