Consistency

• The Quiet Calculus of Probabilistic Commutativity · 2025-09-27

  A practical calculus for quantifying when non-commutative operations in distributed systems can be safely executed without heavyweight coordination.

• Merkle Trees and Content‑Addressable Storage · 2020-08-17

  From Git to distributed object stores: how Merkle DAGs enable integrity, deduplication, and efficient sync.

• Tuning the Dial: Adaptive Consistency at Planet Scale · 2020-03-11

  Inside the engineering of databases that adjust consistency on the fly without breaking user trust.